Bioanthropology

• ANTH–B 301 Laboratory in Bioanthropology (3 cr.)

• ANTH–B 370 Human Variation (3 cr.)

• ANTH–B 405 Field Work in Bioanthropology (arr. cr.)

• ANTH–B 464 Human Paleontology (3 cr.)

• ANTH–B 466 The Primates (3 cr.)

• ANTH–B 472 Bioanthropology of Aboriginal America (3 cr.)

• ANTH–B 480 Human Growth and Development (3 cr.)

• ANTH–B 500 Pro-Seminar in Bioanthropology (3 cr.) Human evolution from the standpoint of an interaction of biological, ecologi­cal, and sociocultural factors. Survey of bioanthropology from historical, systematic, and applied viewpoints; emphasis on changing content, concepts, methods, and organization of the science.

• ANTH–B 512 Evolutionary Medicine (3 cr.) This course will incorporate principles from evolutionary theory into our understanding of various infectious and chronic diseases common to human populations both past and present. Although proximate mecha­nisms involving physiology and behavior will be discussed, the focus will be to determine why such mechanisms have evolved in the first place.

• ANTH–B 521 Bioanthropology Research Methods (3 cr.) P: B200, B301. Designed for advanced students of bioanthropology and re­lated biological sciences to familiarize them with the methods and techniques of collecting, preserving, and analyzing both morphological and somatological data.

• ANTH–B 522 Laboratory Methods in Bioanthropology (2 cr.) P: Concurrent with B521. Laboratory dealing with methods and techniques of assessment and analysis of morphological and somatological data that forms the subject matter of B521.

• ANTH–B 523 Anthropometry (3 cr.) P: B200, B301, or consent of instructor. Designed for advanced students in bioanthropol­ogy. Basic research techniques applicable to living populations. Research project on volunteer subjects required. Formation of hypotheses, data collection procedures, testing of hypotheses, and presentation of results in oral and written form will be stressed.

• ANTH–B 524 Theory and Method in Human Paleontology (3 cr.) P: B200, B301, or consent of instructor. Emphasis on fossil hom­inid evolution and adaptation. Intensive study of human fossil skeletal anatomy. Reconstruction of hominid diets and position­al behavior via skeletal analysis and functional morphology.

• ANTH–B 525 Genetic Methods in Anthropology (3 cr.) P: B200, B301, or consent of instructor. Specialized training in laboratory procedures and interpretation of genetic markers found in hu­man populations. Major systems covered are ABO, Rh, MNSs, Duffy, Kell, secretor status, and PTC testing. Emphasis on use of genetic markers in human evolutionary research.

• ANTH–B 526 Human Osteology (3 cr.) P: B200, B301, or consent of instructor. Descriptive and functional morphology of the human skeleton with emphasis on the identification of fragmentary materials. Determination of age, sex, and stature; craniology; and research methods in skeletal biology. Guided research proj­ect in the identification of skeletal material required.

• ANTH–B 527 Human Evolutionary Biology Laboratory (3 cr.) This course provides students with experience conducting actual re­search in human evolutionary biology. Students work together in small groups to collect data on living humans, perform labo­ratory/statistical analyses and prepare/present manuscripts. Students will gain experience with scientific methodology, human subjects committees, survey design, sample collection, and biomarker assays.

• ANTH–B 528 Dental Anthropology (3 cr.) P: B200, B301, or consent of the instructor. Descriptive and functional morphology of primate dentitions, stressing nomenclature of crown features. Human enamel microstructure, development, wear, occlusion, pathology, odontometrics, and discrete variation as applied to research problems in bioanthropology. A guided research project is required.

• ANTH–B 540 Hormones and Human Behavior (3 cr.) This course will review the roles of hormones in the evolution and expression of human and nonhuman animal behaviors. Emphasis will be placed on behaviors associated with aggression, stress, mating, and parenting. This course is particularly relevant for students interested in evolutionary psychology and human health.

• ANTH–B 545 Nutritional Anthropology (3 cr.) A biocultural approach to diet and nutrition. Basic concepts in nutrition. Methods to assess dietary intake and nutritional status. Diet in human evolution, human biological variation, and the adaptive signifi­cance of food processing. Contemporary critiques of nutrition and food policies; globalization of diet; and anthropological perspectives on under- and over-nutrition.

• ANTH–B 548 Human Demography and Life History (3 cr.) An exploration of the relationships between the human lifecycle and population dynamics. Classic and contemporary theories of population dynamics will be explored and considered in relation to evolutionary theory, highlighting life history theory. Demographic methods will be presented. Examples of anthropological studies of demography and life history will be utilized.

• ANTH–B 550 Issues in Human Origins: Creation and Evolution (3 cr.) Review of the creation/evolution controversy in a seminar setting. Fundamentals of organic evolution covered, especially pertaining to the origins of our species. Additionally, the major arguments as set forth by "scientific creationists" are present­ed, along with an appraisal of the "balanced treatment" notion that has been proposed for inclusion in public school curricula.

• ANTH–B 568 The Evolution of Primate Social Behavior (3 cr.) Major patterns of social organization in the order of primates, with closer examination of several important primate species. Darwinian theories of behavioral evolution will be examined. Particular attention will be paid to the influence of food-getting and diet on social behavior.

• ANTH–B 570 Human Adaptation: Biological Approaches (3 cr.) Un­derstanding the concept of adaptation as it is utilized within bioanthropology, anthropology, and other disciplines. Focus on individual and population responses to heat, cold, solar radia­tion, high altitude, nutritional and disease stress. Participation in discussion and presentation of oral and written reports emphasized throughout the seminar.

• ANTH–B 600 Seminar in Bioanthropology (3 cr.) Subject will vary; students may thus receive credit more than once.

• ANTH–B 601 Primate Anatomy (3 cr.) P: B200, B301; P or concurrent: B466. Comparative anatomy of the nonhuman primates with emphasis on the analysis of bone and muscle relationships. Ap­plication of comparative techniques to current research in bio­anthropology. Dissection of several primate species required.

• ANTH–B 602 Paleopathology (3 cr.) P: B200, B301. Disease in prehis­toric skeletal material and in written and visual representations. Diagnosis and epidemiological characterization of diseases of bone. A guided research project on a topic in paleopathology is required. Seminar presentation of two literature reviews and a research project are required.

General Anthropology

• ANTH–A 303 Evolution and Prehistory (3 cr.)

• ANTH–A 403 Introduction to Museum Studies (3 cr.)

• ANTH–A 405 Museum Methods (3 cr.)

• ANTH–A 406 Field Work in Anthropology (1–8 cr.) 8 cr. max.

• ANTH–A 408 Museum Practicum (1–4 cr.) 8 cr. max.

• ANTH–A 495 Individual Readings in Anthropology (1–4 cr.)

• ANTH–A 505 Fields of Anthropology: A Graduate Survey (3 cr.) Cul­tural anthropology, linguistics, archaeology, physical anthropol­ogy. For graduate students of other departments and beginning graduate students in anthropology.

• ANTH–A 506 Anthropological Statistics (3 cr.) Statistics in all fields of anthropology. Scales, frequency distributions, contingency, cor­relation, probability, sampling, significance tests, elementary multivariate analysis.

• ANTH–A 521 Internship in Teaching Anthropology (3 cr.) Systematic and supervised internship required of all first-year associate instructors. Course includes formal class presentations by the departmental associate instructor (AI) trainer, formal develop­ment of teaching materials, prescribed observations of "master teachers," and supervisory visits by the AI trainer.

• ANTH–A 525 Community Based Research I (3 cr.) Community based research involves a partnership approach in which responsibil­ity for planning, conducting, and evaluating research is shared with a community. This course provides grounding in commu­nity based research methods, examining how they transform social science research. We will explore issues of ethics, power relations, and field work practices.

• ANTH–A 600 Seminar in Anthropology (2–4 cr.) May be taken in suc­cessive semesters for credit.

• ANTH–A 800 Research (arr. cr.) (1) Archaeology, (2) ethnology, (3) linguistics, and/or (4) physical anthropology.

• ANTH–E 303 Introduction to Social and Cultural Anthropology (3 cr.)

Social and Cultural Anthropology

• ANTH–E 305 Introduction to Ethnomusicology (3 cr.)

• ANTH–E 310 Introduction to the Cultures of Africa (3 cr.)

• ANTH–E 311 The Ethnography of Eastern Africa (3 cr.)

• ANTH–E 320 Indians of North America (3 cr.)

• ANTH–E 321 Peoples of Mexico (3 cr.)

• ANTH–E 322 Peoples of Brazil (3 cr.)

• ANTH–E 325 North American Indian Music (3 cr.)

• ANTH–E 329 Indians in the United States in the Twentieth Century (3 cr.)

• ANTH–E 330 Indians of South America (3 cr.)

• ANTH–E 332 Jewish Women: Anthropological Perspectives (3 cr.)

• ANTH–E 334 Jews in Moslem Society (3 cr.)

• ANTH–E 340 Indians of Mexico and Central America (3 cr.)

• ANTH–E 370 Peasant Society and Culture (3 cr.)

• ANTH–E 371 Modern Jewish Culture and Society (3 cr.)

• ANTH–E 372 Racism, Anthropology of Prejudice (3 cr.)

• ANTH–E 375 Mental Illness in Cross-Cultural Perspectives (3 cr.)

• ANTH–E 380 Urban Anthropology (3 cr.)

• ANTH–E 404 Field Methods in Ethnography (3 cr.)

• ANTH–E 405 Principles of Social Organization (3 cr.)

• ANTH–E 406 Anthropological and Documentary Film (3 cr.)

• ANTH–E 407 Visual Anthropology: Filmmaking (3 cr.) P: Junior stand­ing or permission of instructor. Experimental filmmaking con­cerning social behavior, institutions, and customs. 

• ANTH–E 420 Economic Anthropology (3 cr.) 

• ANTH–E 425 Ethnozoology: Studies in American Indian Subsistence (3 cr.) 

• ANTH–E 427 Human Adaptation: Cultural Approaches (3 cr.) 

• ANTH–E 430 Kinship Organization (3 cr.) 

• ANTH–E 440 Political Anthropology (3 cr.) 

• ANTH–E 450 Folk Religions (3 cr.) 

• ANTH–E 451 Myth and Legend: Cultural Meanings and Interpretations (3 cr.) 

• ANTH–E 453 Revitalization Movements (3 cr.) 

• ANTH–E 455 Anthropology of Religion (3 cr.) 

• ANTH–E 457 Ethnic Identity (3 cr.) 

• ANTH–E 460 The Arts in Anthropology (3 cr.) 

• ANTH–E 462 Anthropological Folklore (3 cr.) 

• ANTH–E 463 Anthropology of Dance (3 cr.) 

• ANTH–E 470 Psychological Anthropology (3 cr.) 

• ANTH–E 480 Theory of Culture Change (3 cr.) 

• ANTH–E 510 Problems in African Ethnography and Ethnology (3 cr.) 

• ANTH–E 511 Ethnography of the Congo (2 cr.) 

• ANTH–E 465 Medical Anthropology (3 cr.) A cross-cultural examination of a biocultural systems model of human adaptation in health and disease, including: the interaction of biology, ecology, and culture in health; ethnomedical systems in the cross-cultural conception, presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of disease; and sociocultural change and health. 

• ANTH–E 500 Proseminar in Cultural and Social Anthropology (3 cr.) Broad survey covering economics, ecology, kinship, life cycle, education, social stratification, political organization, religion, values, culture change, evolution, methodology, etc. 

• ANTH–E 505 Social Organization and Process (3 cr.) Anthropological analysis of sociocultural process from symbolic interaction­ist perspective. Topics include critical comparison of relevant theories, cross-cultural applications, and methodology of field research. 

• ANTH–E 520 Problems in Economic Anthropology (3 cr.) P: Consent of instructor. Seminar on problems related to the study of tech­nologies and economic systems of non-Western peoples.  

• ANTH–E 523 Life Histories (3 cr.) Life histories give ethnographies ac­cessibility, emotional impact, deep contextualization, and a de­ceptively transparent opening for authentic voices. This course explores the complex issues of power and knowledge underly­ing this method, including interviewing strategies, consent, confidentiality, editing and publishing choices, and considers its position within broader research agendas. We discuss clas­sic examples, recent narrative collections and contemporary experimental texts.

• ANTH–E 525 Comparative Ethnology of North America (3 cr.) P: A505 or E500; E320; A506; or consent of instructor. Seminar on com­parative problems of North American Indian cultures.  May be repeated for credit. 

• ANTH–E 527 Environmental Anthropology (3 cr.) Graduate course on theory and method in the study of human-environment inter­actions. Emphasis on contemporary debates and approaches and on research design in environmental research.

• ANTH–E 593 World Fiction and Cultural Anthropology (3 cr.) This course links literature and anthropology as means of under­standing culture. Ethnographic writing and world fiction—novels, short stories, poems, myths, folktales—are analyzed for what they reveal about the social, cultural and political lives of peoples around the world. Colonialism, war, socialism, and im­migration are among the issues discussed.

• ANTH–E 600 Seminar in Cultural and Social Anthropology (3 cr.) Sub­ject will vary; students can receive credit more than once.

• ANTH–E 601 Basics of Human Sexuality (3 cr.) Topics are: (1) introduc­tory lectures on mammalian behavior, anatomy, physiology, reproduction, and sexual development; (2) solitary sexual behavior: orgasm in sleep and masturbation; (3) heterosexual behavior; (4) homosexual behavior; (5) deviance and paraphil­ias; and (6) social control of sexuality.

• ANTH–E 602 Levi-Strauss: Structuralism in Anthropology (3 cr.) Analy­sis of structuralist texts and theory. Reading and explicating the writings of Levi-Strauss in order to learn how to interpret concepts and methods of the author and how to use them for further research.

• ANTH–E 603 Modernities: Time, Space, Identity of the Historical Present (3 cr.) This course examines the history of social and cultural theory as organized around the concept of modernity. We examine what, where, and who is implied by the term, where it originates, and how it continues to be contested by contemporary scholars.

• ANTH–E 606 Research Methods in Cultural Anthropology (3 cr.) P: Must be a graduate student in anthropology or obtain consent of instructor. Organization, design, and execution of anthropo­logical research will be examined in its many contexts; specific research techniques will be demonstrated through laboratory exercises and conduct of student projects.

• ANTH–E 608 Thesis Proposal Preparation (3 cr.) Social science and humanities students will learn how to frame research questions in this course. While graduate students will formulate propos­als with their doctoral committees, this course will provide the necessary background reading and peer review to prepare a serious proposal that will be competitive in national grant competitions.

• ANTH–E 610 Seminar in Households, Family, and Gender (3 cr.) Asks how basic social units like family and households are socially constructed and maintained. Current literature on social exchange, bargaining, decision-making, and gender. Pressing current issues such as child welfare, equity in economic devel­opment, abusive relationships, and consumer choice.

• ANTH–E 612 Anthropology of Russia and East Europe (3 cr.) Explores the contradictory effects of socialism's "fall" through a study of new ethnographies of postsocialist societies. We will connect our inquiries to broad intellectual questions in anthropology and related disciplines, including globalization, social suffer­ing, commodification and cultural identity, ethnicity and nation building, armed conflict, and gender inequalities.

• ANTH–E 614 Post-Socialist Gender Formations (3 cr.) An anthropo­logical approach to understanding socialist and post-socialist gender formations in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. Particular attention will be paid to changing discourses of femininity, feminism, masculinity, and sexuality in post-socialist countries.

• ANTH–E 616 The Anthropology of Tourism (3 cr.) This course will explore the phenomenon of tourism from an anthropologi­cal perspective. It will look at tourism as linked to consumer culture, transnational movements of people and goods, post-colonial settings, global capitalism, and the politics of ethnic and national identities.

• ANTH–E 617 African Women (3 cr.) Examines the remarkably active roles that African women play in their communities. Follows the themes of autonomy and control of resources, consider­ing both economic resources (such as land, labor, income, and cattle) and social resources (such as education, religion, and political power).

• ANTH–E 618 Global Consumer Culture (3 cr.) Examines processes of globalization and economic and cultural integration, including the origin and spread of mass-consumer society. Topics include the theories of consumption, mass media and advertising, and the relationship between modernity and consumerism. Ex­amples from Africa, Latin America, Asia, and the United States are included.

• ANTH–E 619 American Indian Religion (3 cr.) Introduces religions of the peoples indigenous to North America. Concerns include tra­ditional and contemporary native rituals, mythology, folklore, and symbolism occurring throughout these many cultures, in­cluding topics such as art, architecture, cosmology, sustenance, modes, trade, history, gender, and taboos.

• ANTH–E 620 Seminar in Cultural Ecology (3 cr.) Rotating topics in cul­tural ecology: explores cultural adaptations to specific environ­ments. Emphasis is placed on individual research by students, discussion of relevant theoretical and methodological issues, and critical evaluation of research.

• ANTH–E 621 Food and Culture (3 cr.) Discusses the political economy of food production, trade, and consumption on a global basis. Gives a cross-cultural and historical perspective on the devel­opment of cooking and cuisine in relationship to individual, national, and ethnic identity.  Relates cuisine to modernity, migration, and forms of cultural mixing and Creolization.

• ANTH–E 622 Empirical Theory and Methodology: International Forest Resources and Institutions (3 cr.) This course trains participants in the International Forestry Resources and Institutions (IFRI) research programs, which explores how communities influence local forest conditions. Theories of institutional analysis and hu­man dimensions of environmental change underlie the course. Methods include participatory techniques, interviews, forest mensuration. Participants conduct fieldwork in an Indiana com­munity.

• ANTH–E 624 Native American Art (3 cr.) Addresses the principles of Native art and its materials, styles, functions, methods, mean­ings, and the contexts in which Native art is used. In addition to addressing the principles, cultural, anthropological, and indigenoustheories will be explored. Cultural background informa­tion will be interwoven in the lectures and discussions.

• ANTH–E 626 Coffee Culture, Production, and Markets (3 cr.) This course considers diverse expressions of “coffee culture” in production, markets, and consumption patterns. It explores the history of coffee production and trade, coffee’s impact on international relations, and its implications for environmental change, social justice, and economic development. We will also study local meanings of coffee and its consumption.

• ANTH–E 628 Contemporary Latin American Social Movements (3 cr.) In this course we compare and contrast contemporary activ­ist and grassroots movements throughout the Latin American region. We focus on movements both within the region and within the Latin American diaspora in the US, organized around the rubrics of ethnicity, gender, resources, and environment.

• ANTH–E 641 Law as Cultural Practice in the United States (3 cr.) Explores modern life in the U.S. through two lenses: contempo­rary ethnography and recent Supreme Court opinions. Specific topics vary. Examples include the nature of moral traditions; civil rights; family; privacy and choice; the significance of race.

• ANTH–E 644 People and Protected Areas: Theories and Realities of Conservation (3 cr.) Explores major theories and approaches to conservation, from “fortress conservation” to community-based and participatory strategies. It considers the implication of protected areas for local human populations and cultural diversity. It evaluates outcomes and unintended consequences of protected areas, and controversies over the “best” way to protect natural resources.

• ANTH–E 645 Seminar in Medical Anthropology (3 cr.) Focuses on theo­retical approaches to understanding the body and notions of health, illness, and disease across cultures. Concentrates on in­terpretive and critical (political economy) approaches to issues of health and includes critical study of Western biomedicine.

• ANTH–E 648 Power, Subjectivity, and the State (3 cr.) Explores re­lationships among culture, power, subjectivity, and the state through close readings of theoretical and ethnographic texts.  Examines how different theoretical appreaches have defined and used these contested terms. Developing insights from social theorists, compares ethnographic efforts to integrate theory with anthropological data.

• ANTH–E 649 Culture, Power, History (3 cr.) Culture, power, and history have been three of the most important concerns and concepts in social and cultural anthropology. This course examines how we have understood and used them and how they have defined and continue to define the field.

• ANTH–E 650 African Systems of Thought (1–3 cr.) Examines approach­es to the analysis of systems of thought and their correlates in social action in African societies. Focuses on structural differ­ences among the various systems of ideas used for interpret­ing experience in different African societies. Attention paid to alterations made in cosmological systems in situations of social change.

• ANTH–E 656 The Anthropology of Race (3 cr.) This course explores race in cultural anthropological perspective. It investigates the history of this idea within the discipline as well as its dissemi­nation in international society. The course explores the play between challenges to race as an intellectual paradigm and the resilient status of race-thinking in society at large.

• ANTH–E 660 Arts in Anthropology Seminar (3 cr.) Anthropology’s concern with the arts; cross-cultural study and comparison; the relationships of the arts to other aspects of society and culture; problems of the cross-cultural validity of aesthetics and the interrelationships of the arts. Subject will vary; students can receive credit more than once.

• ANTH–E 661 Seminar in Ethnomusicology I (3 cr.) Techniques of tran­scription and analysis of the music of nonliterate peoples.

• ANTH–E 662 Seminar in Ethnomusicology II (3 cr.) Music as it func­tions in human society. Role of the musician, concepts underly­ing production of musical sound, symbolic and other functions of music.

• ANTH–E 663 Exhibiting Cultures: Museums, Exhibitions, and World’s Fairs (3 cr.) P: E310 or consent of instructor. Explores the ideas, values and symbols that pervade and shape the practice of exhibiting other cultures. Examines the ways in which muse­ums and other sites of exhibition accord objects particular significances, the politics of exhibitions and display strategies, and the interpretive differences between art, anthropology and other types of museums and institutions which exhibit other cultures.

• ANTH–E 664 Body, Power, and Performance (3 cr.) This course ex­plores performance in relation to social power. Its focus is on the body, and explores the extent to which several interdis­ciplinary readings on performance theory—largely emerging as they have from Western intellectual traditions—speak to embodied/performative negotiations of social power outside “the West.”

• ANTH–E 670 Seminar in Culture and Personality (3 cr.) Culture semi­nar for the investigation of advanced problems in culture and personality. Focus will be primarily on developments since 1960, particularly in such areas as the situational determinants of personality, cognitive growth, and adolescent studies.

• ANTH–E 673 Feminist Studies and Ethnographic Practice (3 cr.) Focuses on the impact of feminist theory on ethnographic prac­tice in the fields of anthropology and criminology. We will read key works from the 1980s to the present that exemplify various feminist approaches to the study of culture and society.

• ANTH–E 674 The Anthropology of Human Rights (3 cr.) This course investigates anthropology’s theoretical and practical engage­ments with global social justice. It examines a number of texts central to the development of the notion of human rights, and explores several case studies oriented around a range of historical and contemporary human rights issues.

• ANTH–E 675 Law and Culture (3 cr.) Introduction to classic anthropo­logical writing on cultural concepts of law, conflict, and social ordering concentrating on ethnographic approaches since the 1960s. Focus is cross-cultural, following the emphasis of the works themselves on Africa, native North America, and the contemporary United States. Discussions emphasize the historical context of individual works and critical readings from the vantage points offered by contemporary anthropological theory.

• ANTH–E 677 Performing Nationalism (3 cr.) Throughout the world, and including the United States, nationalism movements draw upon symbolic forms to create unity. These movements may express resistance to domination, or they can be the forces of domination itself. The course examines these processes cross-culturally, focusing on symbolic forms (ritual, song, film, novels, discourse).

• ANTH–E 678 Ritual, Festival, and Public Culture (3 cr.) Examines the ritual genres with anthropological theories of ritual and power. Utilizes performance theory and analysis of production, linking ritual to public culture; explores it as a response to contra­diction in social political life that may express resistance pr domination. Considers preindustrial and modern societies and sacred and secular events.

• ANTH–E 680 Seminar in Culture Change (3 cr.) P: Three courses in cul­tural anthropology, including the courses listed under both eth­nology and ethnography, and consent of instructor. Research by students under the instructor’s supervision, group discussions, and occasional lectures on various problems concerning culture change.

• ANTH–E 681 Seminar in Urban Anthropology (3 cr.) P: E580. Practical work required. Seminar in cross-cultural urban social organization, emphasizing recruit­ment manifestation of urbanism in various cultural contexts and techniques of investigation.

• ANTH–E 682 Memory and Culture (3 cr.) Students will interrogate the concept of “collective memory,” based on Halbwachs’ major contribution in the domain. This social scientific analysis of remembrance as culturally determined will review diverse contexts in which it unfolds (i.e., art, fiction, ritual, architecture, bodily practice, national identity, and politics).

• ANTH–E 687 The Ethnography of Europe (3 cr.) Explores “Europe” as an idea, an identity, and a historical consciousness. Students discuss how European ethnography has acquired a valued status in social anthropology, how it has been instituted as a “cultural area,” and how the discipline constantly revises social, cultural, political, and nationalist boundaries. 

• ANTH–E 690 Development and Anthropology (3 cr.) P: E420 or consent of instructor. The theory of development; the way anthropol­ogy has been employed in development schemes in Melanesia, Southeast Asia, India, Africa, and elsewhere; the practical prob­lem of relating to development bodies such as AID and Third World governments; the ethical problem of such relationships.

• ANTH–E 692 The United States (3 cr.) Reviews current ethnographic studies of the United States, emphasizing themes of cultural diversity, relationships between individuals and their commu­nities, and the roles of public institutions at local, state, and federal levels.

• ANTH–G 731 Seminar on contemporary Africa (arr. cr.)

History of Anthropology

• ANTH–E 635 French Social Thought: Anthropological Perspectives (3 cr.) Students will read and explicate the writings of six promi­nent scholars in twentieth-century French social thought (i.e., Durkheim, Mauss, Levi-Strauss, Barthes, Foucault, and Bour­dieu). They will discuss these thinkers' contributions to contem­porary anthropological theory, and will reflect on the usage of these works in their respective doctoral projects.

• ANTH–H 500 History of Anthropological Thought in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries (3 cr.) Development of nineteenth-century and contemporary anthropological thought, with spe­cial reference to methods and theory of scientific anthropology.

• ANTH–H 501 Contemporary Problems and Issues in Ethnological Theory (3–6 cr.) P: Introductory work in anthropology. Special attention to problems arising from relation of cultural anthropology to other social sciences, such as psychology and history.

• ANTH–H 505 History of Social Anthropology (3 cr.) R: Course in social organization. Seminar on development of social anthropology, with special attention to various "schools" such as functional­ism and to major figures from Edward Tylor to Alfred Radcliffe-Brown.

• ANTH–H 506 Modern Development in Social Anthropology (3 cr.) Seminar on development of social anthropology since World War II, with special attention to contributions of influential Cambridge, Manchester, and London "schools."

Anthropological Linguistics

• ANTH–L 500 Proseminar in Language and Culture (3 cr.) Relationships of language and culture; survey of ethnolinguistics, sociolin­guistics, psycholinguistics, Weltanschauung theory, diglossia, bilingualism, and single language society; relevance of linguistic analysis to cultural and social anthropology. 

• ANTH–L 501-502 Anthropological Linguistics I-II (3-3 cr.) An introduc­tion to grammatical discovery procedure, including phonetic, phonemic, morphemic, and syntactic analysis, designed to introduce the student to techniques for use with an unknown language in the field. 

• ANTH–L 507 Language and Prehistory (3 cr.) An introduction to the ar­eas of linguistic research that are the most relevant to the work of archaeologists and students of prehistory. Topics include mechanisms of linguistic change, the comparative method, ge­netic and area relationships among languages, and applications of linguistic reconstruction to the study of ancient cultures and populations. 

• ANTH–L 510 Elementary Lakota (Sioux) Language I (3 cr.) Introduction to Lakota (Sioux), an American Indian language spoken on the northern plains of the United States. Focuses on developing elementary reading and writing skills as well as oral fluency in the Lakota language within the context of Lakota culture. 

• ANTH–L 511 Elementary Lakota (Sioux) Language II (3 cr.) Introduction to Lakota (Sioux), an American Indian language spoken on the northern plains of the United States. Focuses on developing elementary reading and writing skills as well as oral fluency in the Lakota language within the context of Lakota culture. 

• ANTH–L 512 Intermediate Lakota (Sioux) Language I (3 cr.) Study of more complex Lakota grammatical structures, with emphasis on development of active reading, writing, and speaking skills.

• ANTH–L 513 Intermediate Lakota (Sioux) Language II (3 cr.) Study of more complex Lakota grammatical structures, with emphasis on development of active reading, writing, and speaking skills.

• ANTH–L 518 Navajo Language and Culture (3 cr.) Introduction to the Navajo language and an exploration of it as an integral dimen­sion of Navajo culture. Topics include Navajo history, kinship, ritual life, beliefs, and literature, and will be grounded in the appropriate dimensions of Navajo grammar. Provides a case study to review the major issues in the field of language and culture.

• ANTH–L 520 American Indian Languages (3 cr.) Introductory survey of the native languages of the Americas. Topics include history of the study of American Indian languages, genetic and typologi­cal classifications, structures of selected languages, the com­parative (historical) study of selected language families, and the interplay between language and culture. Emphasizes diversity of New World languages.

• ANTH–L 580 Semiotics and Human Ethnology (2 cr.) Study of the relationship between the general theory of signs and the bio­logical study of behavior under three headings: elaboration of theoretical models, study of animal communication systems as a natural and behavioral science, and their exploitation for the benefit of humankind.

• ANTH–L 600 Topical Seminar in the Ethnography of Communica­tion (3 cr.) Current issues in linguistic anthropology designed to acquaint the student with readings and points of view not covered in the introductory courses. Topics such as: (1) lan­guages of the world, (2) variation in language, (3) problems in linguistic structure, and (4) culture and communication. May be repeated for credit with change of topic.

• ANTH–L 605-606 Field Methods in Anthropological Linguistics I-II (3-3 cr.)

• ANTH–L 840 Ethnolinguistic Seminar (1–2 cr.) P: Consent of instructor. Structural statements and arrangements of data in anthropol­ogy (including folklore and musicology) and linguistics. May be repeated for credit.

Archaeology

• ANTH–P 301 Archaeological Methods and Analyses (3 cr.)

• ANTH–P 310 Prehistory of Europe and Asia (3 cr.)

• ANTH–P 314 Early Prehistory of Africa (3 cr.)

• ANTH–P 315 Late Prehistory of Africa (3 cr.)

• ANTH–P 360 North American Archaeology (3 cr.)

• ANTH–P 361 Prehistory of Midwestern United States (3 cr.)

• ANTH–P 365 Prehistory of Western North America (3 cr.)

• ANTH–P 370 Ancient Civilizations of the Andes (3 cr.)

• ANTH–P 371 Prehistory of Lowland South America (3 cr.)

• ANTH–P 380 Prehistoric Diet and Nutrition (3 cr.)

• ANTH–P 405 Field Work in Archaeology (arr. cr.)

• ANTH–P 425 Zooarchaeology I: Faunal Osteology (5 cr.)

• ANTH–P 426 Zooarchaeology II: Problems in Zooarchaeology (5 cr.)

• ANTH–P 500 Proseminar in Archaeology (3 cr.) Exposes students to the historical and theoretical foundations of contemporary anthropological archaeology. The class is required for all gradu­ate students in archaeology, and is open to other students in anthropology and in other departments who are interested in the modern practice of archaeology.

• ANTH–P 505 History of Theory in Archaeology (3 cr.) Seminar on the development of theoretical constructs and "schools" in prehis­toric archaeology. Focus on thought of major figures such as V. G. Childe, J. G. D. Clark, D. Clarke, L. R. Binford, J. C. Gardin, A. C. Renfrew, and W. W. Taylor.

• ANTH–P 506 Laboratory Methods in Archaeology (1–6 cr.) P: P405 or consent of instructor. Specialized training in laboratory proce­dures and analysis of archaeological materials. Major catego­ries of material culture to be studied include lithics, ceramics, faunal and floral remains. Emphasis is on processing, sorting, identifying, and analyzing material recovered from the previous Field School in Archaeology (P405).

• ANTH–P 509 Archaeological Ethics (3 cr.) Explores the professional re­sponsibilities of archaeologists by examining timely issues, such as the differences and, sometimes, conflicts between interna­tional law and professional ethics, and between archaeologists and others (e.g., Native Americans, antiquities collectors) who affect and are affected by archaeological work. Some back­ground in archaeology is helpful.

• ANTH–P 541 Archaeology of the Middle East (3 cr.) This course is about the prehistoric cultures of the Middle East. We will examine evidence for daily life, the rise of complex society, early writing, and agriculture, while exploring the impact that archaeology in this region has on our contemporary world.

• ANTH–P 545 Indigenous Archaeology (3 cr.) How do Indigenous people do archeology? How do they protect their sacred sites and places and build and manage knowledge about their pasts? This course takes a global approach to examining such ques­tions. Students examine Indigenous world views and ways that archaeologists and Indigenous communities work together in archeology.

• ANTH–P 575 Food in the Ancient World (3 cr.) We will look at the theoretical and methodological tools that archaeologists use to study food and foodways in ancient societies from a global an­thropological perspective. We explore how studying food and ancient foodways gives us a window into economic, symbolic, historic, and political realities of past peoples.

• ANTH–P 600 Seminar in Prehistoric Archaeology (3 cr.) Subject will vary; students may thus receive credit more than once.

• ANTH–P 601 Research Methods in Archaeology (3 cr.) This course introduces the student to the practice of archaeology at a professional level. Although of variable topics, all courses will involve hands-on experience with analysis and techniques of data collection.

• ANTH–P 604 Seminar in Archaeology and Social Context (3 cr.) Required course for students in the archaeology and social context graduate program. The topic is variable, but will always emphasize the social, political, and economic repercussions of archaeological work.

• ANTH–P 663 North American Prehistory through Fiction (3 cr.) Stu­dents consider fictionalized accounts of life in prehistoric North America, written by anthropologists, Native Americans, and novelists, as a means to think critically and creatively about the past. They explore the role and place of narrative and imagi­nation in construction of the past and consider how authors utilize available data.

• ANTH–P 666 Women in Civilization (3 cr.) Course looks at empirical and theoretical issues related to the reconstruction of gender identity, household organization, and the division of labor in the development of early states.